Saturday, June 15, 2013

CALENDAR OF EVENTS


CALENDAR OF EVENTS
NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL DAYS
JANUARY
4th -10thOIL CONSERVATION WEEK
10th -16thROAD SAFETY WEEK
12thNATIONAL YOUTH DAY
15thARMY DAY
15th -21stPIN CODE WEEK
23rdNETAJI SUBHAS CHANDRA’S BIRTHDAY
ANN./ NATIONAL DAY OF PATRIOTISM /
DESH PREM DIVAS
25thINDIA TOURISM DAY
26thREPUBLIC DAY
26thINTERNATIONAL CUSTOMS DAY
30thMARTYRS DAY
30thNATIONAL CLEANLINESS DAY

FEBRUARY
24thEXCISE DAY

MARCH
4th -10thNATIONAL SAFETY WEEK
8thINTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY
12thDANDI MARCH DAY
15thCONSUMERS DAY
16thIMMUNIZATION DAY
21stWORLD FORESTRY DAY
21stINTERNATIONAL DAY FOR THE ELIMINATION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION
22ndWORLD DAY FOR WATER
23rdMARTYRDOM DAY OF BHAGAT SINGH
23rdWORLD METEOROLOGICAL DAY
24thWORLD TB DAY

APRIL
1st –7thPREVENTION OF BLINDNESS WEEK
7thWORLD HEALTH DAY
7th –14thHANDLOOM WEEK
13thJALLIANWALA BAGH MASSACRE / BAISAKHI
14thBIRTH ANNIVERSARY OF DR. AMBEDKAR
14thCUSTOMS DAY
14th –20thFIRE SERVICE WEEK
22ndWORLD EARTH DAY
23rdWORLD BOOK DAY

MAY
1stINTERNATIONAL LABOUR DAY / MAY DAY
3rdWORLD PRESS FREEDOM DAY
5thNATIONAL LABOUR DAY
8thWORLD RED CROSS DAY
11thTECHNOLOGY DAY
15thINTERNATIONAL DAY OF THE FAMILY
17thWORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONS DAY
24thCOMMON-WEALTH DAY
31stNO TOBACCO DAY

JUNE
4thINTERNATIONAL DAY OF INNOCENT CHILDREN VICTIMS OF AGGRESSION
5thWORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY
26thINTERNATIONAL DAYAGAINST DRUG ABUSE & ILLICIT TRAFFICKING

JULY
11thWORLD POPULATION DAY

AUGUST
1st -7thWORLD BREAST-FEEDING WEEK
9thQUIT INDIA MOVEMENT
15thINDEPENDENCE DAY
20thRAJIV GANDHI’S BIRTH ANNIVERSARY (SADBHAVANA DIWAS)
23rd Aug.- 6th SeptNATIONAL FORTNIGHT ON EYE DONATION


SEPTEMBER
1st -7thNATIONAL NUTRITION WEEK
5thTEACHER’S DAY
8thINTERNATIONAL LITERACY DAY
14thSANCHAYIKA DAY
14thHINDI DIVAS
23rdWORLD DEAF DAY
27thWORLD TOURISM DAY
OCTOBER
1stNATIONAL VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATION DAY
1stINTERNATIONAL DAY FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE
1st -7thWILD LIFE WEEK
1st -10thINTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL OF INDIA
2ndMAHATMA GANDHI’S BIRTHDAY
2ndANTI-LEPROSY DAY
2nd -8thPREVENTION OF BLINDNESS WEEK
2nd -8thANTI-UN-TOUCHABILITY WEEK
6thWORLD HABITAT DAY (HOUSING)
8thAIR FORCE DAY
9thWORLD POST DAY
10thNATIONAL POST DAY
11th -25thFAMILY WELFARE FORTNIGHT
13thINTERNATIONAL DAY FOR NATURAL DISASTER REDUCTION (IDNDR)
14thWORLD STANDARDS DAY
16thWORLD FOOD DAY
21stAZAD HIND DAY
21stGLOBAL IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDER(IDD) DAY
24thUN DAY
24thWORLD DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION DAY
24th -30thDISARMAMENT AND DEVELOPMENT WEEK
28thWORLD THRIFT DAY
31stINDIRA GANDHI’S DEATH ANNIVERSARY (ANTI -TERRORISM DAY)


NOVEMBER
2ndALL SAINTS DAY
9thLEGAL SERVICES DAY
9th -14thINTERNATIONAL WEEK OF SCIENCE
14thNEHRU’S BIRTHDAY-CHILDREN’S DAY
14th -20thWORLD HERITAGE WEEK
15th –21stNATIONAL COOPERATIVE WEEK
16thINTERNATIONAL DAY FOR TOLERANCE AND PEACE
19thNATIONAL INTEGRATION DAY (INDIRA GANDHI’S BIRTHDAY)
19th Nov.-18th DecENVIRONMENT MONTH
19th -26thQUAMI EKTA WEEK
20thCHILD RIGHTS DAY
26thCONSTITUTION DAY


DECEMBER
1stWORLD AIDS DAY
2ndNATIONAL POLLUTION CONTROL DAY
3rdINTERNATIONAL DAY OF DISABLED PERSONS
3rdNATIONAL CONSERVATION DAY
3rdBHOPAL GAS TRAGEDY DAY
4thNAVAL DAY
5thINTERNATIONAL VOLUNTEER DAY FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
6thDR. AMBEDKAR’S MAHAPARINIRVAN DIVAS
7thFLAG DAY
8thGIRL CHILD DAY -DECADE ( 1990 - 2000 )
8thSAARC DAY
8th -14thALL INDIA HANDICRAFTS WEEK
10thHUMAN RIGHTS DAY
14thNATIONAL ENERGY CONSERVATION DAY



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Thursday, June 6, 2013

Syllabus B.Sc Botany - II

Paper - II: Anatomy, Embryology, Taxonomy and Medicinal Botany
(Total Hours of Teaching: 120 @ 4 h / Week)

Unit - I: Anatomy (30 h)
1. Meristems Types, histological organisation of shoot and root apices and theories. (4 h)
2. Tissues and Tissue Systems: Simple and complex. (6 h)
3. Leaf: Ontogeny, diversity of internal structure; stomata and epidermal outgrowths. (6 h)
4. Stem and root: Vascular cambium - Formation and function. Anomalous secondary
growth of stem - Achyranthes, Boerhavia, Bignonia, Dracaena; Root – Beta (8 h)
5. Wood structure: General account. Study of local timbers – Teak (Tectona grandis),
Rosewood, (Dalbergia latefolia), Red sanders, (Pterocarpus santalinus) Nallamaddi
(Terminalia tomentosa (T. alata) and Neem (Azadirachta indica). (6 h)

Unit - II: Embryology (24 h)
6. Introduction to Embryology.
Anther structure, Microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte (5 h)
7. Ovule structure and types; Megasporogenesis; types and development
of female gametophyte. (6 h)
8. Pollination - Types; Pollen - pistil interaction. Fertilization. (4 h)
9. Endosperm - Development and types. Embryo - development and types;
Polyembryony and Apomixis – an outline. (5 h)
10. Palynology: Principles and applications. (4 h)

Unit - III: Taxonomy (36 h)
11. Introduction: Principles of plant systematics, Systematics vs Taxonomy,
Types of classification: Artificial, Natural and Phylogenetic (4 h)
12. Systems of classification: Salient features and comparative account
of Bentham & Hooker and Engler & Prantle. An introduction
to Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). (6 h)
13. Current concepts in Angiosperm Taxonomy: Embryology in relation
to taxonomy, Cytotaxonomy, Chemotaxonomy and Numerical Taxonomy. (4 h)
14. Nomenclature and Taxonomic resources: An introduction to ICBN,
Vienna code - a brief account. Herbarium: Concept, techniques
and applications. (6 h)
15. Systematic study and economic importance of plants belonging
to the following families:
Annonaceae, Capparaceae, Rutaceae, Fabaceae (Faboideae/papilionoideae,
Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae), Cucurbitaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae,
Asclepiadaceae, Lamiaceae, Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Orchidaceae and
Poaceae. (16 h)

Unit - IV: Medicinal Botany (30 h)
16. Ethnomedicine: Scope, interdisciplinary nature, distinction of Ethnomedicine
from Folklore medicine. Outlines of Ayurveda, Sidda, Unani and
Homeopathic systems of traditional medicine. Role of AYUSH, NMPB,
CIMAP and CDRI. (8 h)
17. Plants in primary health care: Common medicinal plants – Tippateega
(Tinospora cordifolia), tulasi (Oscimum sanctum ), pippallu (Piper longum),
Karaka (Terminalia chebula), Kalabanda (Aloe vera), Turmeric (Curcuma longa). (4 h)
18. Traditional medicine vs Modern medicine: Study of select plant examples used in
traditional medicine as resource (active principles, structure, usage and
pharmacological action) of modern medicine: Aswagandha (Withania somnifera),
Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentina), Nela usiri (Phyllanthus amarus), Amla
(Phyllanthus emblica) and Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri). (6 h)
19. Pharmacognosy: Introduction and scope. Adulteration of plant crude drugs
and methods of identification - some examples. Indian Pharmacopoeia. (6 h)
20. Plant crude drugs: Types, methods of collection, processing and storage practices.
Evaluation of crude drugs. (6 h)


Suggested Readings:
Bhattacharya et. al. 2007. A textbook of Palynology, Central, New Delhi.
Bhojwani, S. S. and S. P. Bhatnagar. 2000. The Embryology of Angiosperms (4th Ed.), Vikas
Publishing House, Delhi.
Davis, P. H. and V. H. Heywood. 1963. Principles of Angiosperm Taxonomy. Oliver and Boyd,
London.
Esau, K. 1971. Anatomy of Seed Plants. John Wiley and Son, USA.
Heywood, V. H. 1965 . Plant Taxonomy. ELBS , London.
Heywood, V. H. and D. M. Moore (Eds). 1984. Current Concepts in Plant Taxonomy. Academic
Press, London.
Jain, S. K. and V. Mudgal. 1999. A Handbook of Ethnobotany. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal
Singh, Dehradun.
Jeffrey, C. 1982. An Introduction to Plant Taxonomy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
London.
Johri, B. M. 1984. Embryology of Angiosperms. Springer-Verleg, Berlin.
Joshi, S. G. 2000. Medicinal Plants. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
Kapil, R. P. 1986. Pollination Biology. Inter India Publishers, New Delhi.
Kokate, C. and Gokhale- Pharmocognacy- Nirali Prakashan, NewDelhi.
Lad, V. 1984. Ayurveda – The Science of Self-healing. Motilal Banarasidass, New Delhi.
Lewis, W. H. and M. P. F. Elwin Lewis. 1976. Medical Botany. Plants Affecting Man’s Health.
A Wiley Inter science Publication. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Maheswari, P. 1971. An Introduction to Embryology of Angiosperms. McGraw Hill Book Co.,
London.
Pandey, B. P. 2007. Botany for Degree Students: Diversity of Seed Plants and their Systematics,
Structure, Development and Reproduction in Flowering Plants. S. Chand & Company Ltd,
New Delhi.
Rastogi, R. R. and B. N. Mehrotra. 1993. Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. I & Vol.
II. CSIR, Publication and Information Directorate, New Delhi.
Sivarajan, V. V. and I. Balasubramaniyan. 1994. Ayurvedic Drugs and their Plant Sources.
Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
Stace, C. A. 1989. Plant Taxonomy and Biostatistics (2nd Ed.). Edward Arnold, London.
Singh, G. 1999. Plant Systematics: Theory and Practice. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
Practical - II: Anatomy, Embryology, Taxonomy and Medicinal Botany
(Total Hours of Laboratory Exercises: 90 @ 3 h / Week in 30 Sessions)
Suggested Laboratory Exercises:
1. Demonstration of double staining technique. (3 h)
2. Tissue organization in root and shoot apices using permanent slides (3 h)
3. Preparation of double staining slides
Primary structure: Root - Cicer, Canna; Stem – Tridax, Sorghum (6 h)
Secondary structure: Root – Tridax sp.; Stem –Pongamia (3 h)
Anomalous secondary structure: Examples as given in theory syllabus. (6 h)
4. Stomatal types using epidermal peels. (3 h)
5. Microscopic study of wood in T.S., T.L.S. and R.L.S. (6 h)
6. Structure of anther and microsporoganesis using permanent slides. (3 h)
7. Structure of pollen grains using whole mounts (Catharanthus, Hibiscus,
Acassia, Grass). (3 h)
8. Pollen viability test using in- vitro germination (Catharanthus). (3 h)
9. Study of ovule types and developmental stages of embryosac. (3 h)
10. Structure of endosperm (nuclear and cellular); Developmental stages of dicot and
monocot Embryos using permanent slides. (3 h)
11. Isolation and mounting of embryo (using Cymopsis / Senna /Crotalaria) (3 h)
12. Systematic study of locally available plants belonging to the families
prescribed in theory syllabus (Minimum of one plant representative for each
family) (18 h)
13. Demonstration of herbarium techniques. (3 h)
14. Local field visits to study the vegetation and flora. (6 h)
15. Detailed morphological and anatomical study of medicinally important part(s) of locally
available plants (a minimum 10 plants) used in traditional medicine.
(12 h)
16. Field visits to identify and collect ethno medicinal plants used by local
tribes/folklore. (3 h)
17. Preparation and submission of 25 herbarium specimens for evaluation during the
practical examination.
B.Sc II Year Botany
(Anatomy, Embryology, Taxonomy and Medicinal Botany)
Paper-II: Practical Model Paper
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 50
1. Prepare a double stained permanent mount of transverse section of given material
“A” 8 Marks
2. Prepare a temporary mount of epidermal peal of the given leaf material “B” and
identify the stomatal type 6 Marks
3. Conduct the pollen viability test “C” OR isolate the embryo from the given material
6 Marks
4. Assign the specimens “D” and “E” to their respective families, giving reasons.
Describe and classify. 16 Marks
5. Identify and describe the specimens / slides with well labelled diagrams 8 Marks
a) Embryology (f) b) Palynology (g) c) Medicinal Botany (h,i)
6. Herbarium and Record 6 Marks
B.Sc II Year
Botany Paper-II
(Anatomy, Embryology, Taxonomy and Medicinal Botany)
Model Question Paper – Theory
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 100
Section-A
Answer Any FIVE Questions Marks: 5 x 8 = 40 Marks
(Answer should not exceed 20 lines for each question)
1. Quiscent centre
2. Anomalous structure of Boerhaavia
3. T.S. of anther
4. Polyembryony
5. Cytotaxonomy
6. Economic importance of Apiaceae
7. Ayurveda system of medicine
8. Medicinal importance of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica)
Section-B
Answer all Questions Marks: 4 x 15 = 60 Marks
Long Essay Type Questions)
(Answer should not exceed 80 lines for each question
9. a. Give a detailed account on complex tissue system
OR
b. Describe the Wood Structure of Pterocarpus santalinus
10. a. Describe the development of female gametophyte
OR
b. NPC system of pollen morphology
11. a. Enumerate the salient features of Engler and Prantles classification and
its merits and demerits
OR
b. Give a comparative account of Asclepiadaceae and Orchidaceae
12. a. Explain in detail the Homeopathic system of Medicine
OR
b. Give an account of collection, processing and storage practices of crude
drugs
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Syllabus of B.Sc Botany - I

Telangana University
Syllabus of Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) Botony – I
Paper - I: Microbial Diversity, Cryptogams and Gymnosperms
(Total Hours of Teaching: 120 @ 4 h / Week)

Unit - I: Evolution of Life and Diversity of Microbes (30 h)
1. Origin and evolution of Life - an outline. (2 h)
2. Viruses: Structure, replication and transmission; plant diseases caused by viruses and their control.(8 h)
3. Bacteria: Structure, nutrition, reproduction and economic importance. An outline of Plant diseases of important crop plants caused by bacteria and their control. (8 h)
4. Brief account of Archaebacteria, Chlamydia, Actinomycetes and Mycoplasma. (4 h)
5. Cyanobacteria: Cell structure, thallus organisation and their prospecting (uses) – Biofertilizers. Structure and life history of Oscillatoria, Nostoc and Anabaena. (8 h)

Unit - II: Algae and Fungi (32 h)
6. Algae: General account, thallus organisation, structure, reproduction, classificationand economic importance. (4 h)
7. Structure, reproduction, life history and systematic position of Oedogonium, Coleochaete, Chara, Ectocarpus and Polysiphonia. (12 h)
8. Fungi: General characters, classification and economic importance. (3 h)
9. Structure, reproduction and life history of Albugo, Saccharomyces, Penicillium, Puccinia, Alternaria,. General account of plant diseases caused by Fungi and their control. (10 h)
10. Lichens: Structure and reproduction; ecological and economic importance. (3 h)

Unit - III: Bryophyta and Pteridophyta (32 h)
11. Bryophytes: General characters, classification and alternation of generations. (3 h)
12. Structure, reproduction, life history and systematic position of Marchantia, Anthoceros and
Polytrichum. Evolution of Sporophyte in Bryophytes. (10 h)
13. Pteridophytes: General characters, classification, alternation of generations and evolution of
sporophtyte. (5 h)
14. Structure, reproduction, life history and systematic position of Rhynia, Lycopodium, Equisetum and
Marsilea. (12 h)
15. Evolution of stele, heterospory and seed habit in Pteridophytes. (2 h)

Unit - IV: Gymnosperms and Palaeobotany (26 h)
16. Gymnosperms: General characters, structure, reproduction and classification. (4 h)
17. Morphology of vegetative and reproductive parts, systemic position, life history of Pinus and Gnetum
(8 h)
18. Distribution and economic importance; endangered Gymnosperms. (4 h)
19. Palaeobotany: Introduction, Fossils and fossilization; Geological time scale; Importance of fossils. (6 h)
20. Bennettitales: General account (4 h)


Suggested Readings:
Alexopolous, J. and W. M. Charles. 1988. Introduction to Mycology. Wiley Eastern, New Delhi.
Mckane, L. and K. Judy. 1996. Microbiology – Essentials and Applications. McGraw Hill, New York.
Pandey, B. P. 2001. College Botany, Vol. I: Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Bacteria, Viruses, Plant Pathology, Industrial
Microbiology and Bryophyta. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Pandey, B. P. 2006. College Botany, Vol. II: Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Paleobotany. S. Chand & Company
Ltd, New Delhi.
Pandey, B. P. 2007. Botany for Degree Students: Diversity of Microbes, Cryptogams, Cell Biology and Genetics. S.
Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Sambamurthy, A. V. S. S. 2006. A Textbook of Plant Pathology. I. K. International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Sambamurthy, A. V. S. S. 2006. A Textbook of Algae. I. K. International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Sharma, O. P. 1992. Textbook of Thallophyta. McGraw Hill Publihing Co., New Delhi.
Sporne, K. R. 1965. Morphology of Gymnosperms. Hutchinson Co., Ltd., London.
Thakur, A. K. and S. K. Bassi. 2008. A Textbook of Botany: Diversity of Microbes and Cryptogams. S.
Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, P. C., A. K. Sinha and Anil Kumar. 2006. Botany - Pteridophyta (Vascular Cryptogams). S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, B. R., A. K. Sinha and V. P. Singh. 2008. Botany for Degree Students: Algae. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, B. R., A. K. Sinha and Adarsha Kumar. 2008. Botany for Degree Students: Bryophyta. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, P. C., A. K. Sinha and Anil Kumar. 2006. Botany for Degree Students: Gymnosperms. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Vashishta, B. R. 1990. Botany for Degree Students: Fungi, S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
Watson, E. V. 1974. The structure and life of Bryophytes, B. I. Publications, New Delhi.
Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) Physics – I Year
(Laboratory exercises related to the syllabus included in Theory Paper – I)
Practical - I: Microbial Diversity, Cryptogams and Gymnosperms
(Total Hours of Laboratory Exercises: 90 @ 3 h / Week in 30 Sessions)
Suggested Laboratory Exercises:
1. Knowledge of equipment used in Microbiology: Spirit lamp, Inoculation loop, Hot air oven, Autoclave / Pressure cooker, Laminar air flow / Inoculation chamber, Incubator, etc. (3 h)
2. Preparation of solid and liquid media for culturing of microbes (Demonstration) (9 h)
3. Study of viruses and bacteria using electron micrographs (photographs). (3 h)
4. Gram staining of Bacteria (3 h)
5. Study of symptoms of plant diseases caused by viruses and bacteria:
Viruses: Tobacco mosoic virus, Bunchy top of banana, Yellow vein clearing of bhendi, Leaf curl of papaya (3 h)
Bacteria: Citrus canker, Leaf blight of Rice, Angular leaf spot of cotton. (3 h)
6. Vegetative and reproductive structures of the following taxa:
Algae: Oscillatoria, Nostoc, Anabena, Volvox, Oedogonium, Coleochaete, Ectocarpus and Polysiphonia. (6 h)
Fungi: Albugo, Saccharomyces Penicillium, Puccinia and Alternaria. (6 h)
7. Section cutting of diseased material infected by Fungi and identification of pathogens as per theory syllabus. (6 h)
8. Lichens: Different types of thalli and their external morphology (3 h)
9. Morphology (vegetative and reproductive structures) and anatomy of the following taxa:
Bryophytes: Marchantia, Anthoceros and Polytrichum. (9 h)
Pteridophytes: Lycopodium, Equisetum and Marsilea. (12 h)
Gymnosperms: Pinus and Gnetum. (6 h)
10. Fossil forms using permanent slides / photographs: Rhynia and Cycadeoidea (3 h)
11. Symptoms of plant diseases caused by Fungi and mycoplasma: Tikka disease of Groundnut, Late blight of Potato, Ergot of Bajra, Whip smut of Sugarcane, Wheat rust, Brown spot of Rice, Rice (Paddy) blast, Head smut of Sorghum, Little leaf disease of Brinjal (3 h)
12. Enumeration and examination of important microbial, fungal and algal products: Biofertilizers, protein capsules, antibiotics, mushrooms, SCP, Agar-agar etc. (6 h)
13. Field visits to places of algal / microbial / fungal interest (e.g. Mushroom cultivation,water bodies) (6 h)
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